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Verbals are derived from verbs but do not inflect for tense and person , nor combine with an auxiliary verb to form verb phrases (predicate). Though verbal are formed from verb, verbal do not function as verbs . They include gerund, participle, and infinitive phrases. *Some grammars books call verbal phrases non-finite phrase A. GERUND (-ing form) A gerund is a verbal that functions as a noun . A gerund phrase consists of a gerund, modifier (s), object (s), and/or complement(s). Gerund phrases may perform all the functions that nouns are capable of fulfilling. a. Subject of verb     Singing is my hobby. (Gerund is always be a singular noun)      His coming late  created consecutive problems. (Possessive gerund-his coming) b. Object of verb     My students enjoy reading books.      Verbs followed by Gerund Objects :     avoid               finish         ...

  The Key Answers of TOEFL ITP Practice  Level 1 Volume 3 Prepared by ETS  by RizalPra Structure Section of Practice Test A 1. D. The Teaching - Noun Phrase as Subject (Article + Gerund) 2. C. that they do not have - Noun Clause (that+ S+V) 3. A. people recorded - Subject + Verb (adverbial clause) 4. A. the basis for - subject complement (prepositional phrase) 5. C. there is no - adverbial clause - subject of sentence 6. B. an animal that breathes - adjective clause  7. B. form when water vapor - adverbial clause 8. D. Maine's largest city - Noun Apposition 9. A. that cover - adjective clause 10. A. was used - adjective clause (verb of subordinate clause with passive voice : to be + PP) 11. C. so - compound sentence (cause and result) 12. A. some - quantifier 13. A. so does - affirmative agreement (so + auxiliary verb + S) 14. D. Made - Participial phrase (passive) 15. B. the capital - subject complement (noun phrase after linking verb) Written Expression Section of ...

Ketika mendengar kata radioaktif sejenak kita teringat akan teknologi nuklir dalam rangka pembangkitan energi listrik maupun senjata perang yang terus dikembangkan oleh Amerika Serikat, Iran, dan juga Korea Utara. Setelah pengetahuan dan teknologi kian berkembang, pemanfataan radioaktif terus meningkat on the track yang sesuai atau memudahkan peradaban manusia. Sebut saja di bidang kedokteran, panoramic photo di ruang radiologi jelas menjadi aplikasi positif penggunaan sinar X untuk memotret bagian tubuh yang bermasalah. Di bidang arkeologi waktu paruh zat radioaktif dapat menentukan umur benda dan peninggalan purbakala.  Paparan sinar kosmik dari angkasa juga meningkat ketika seseorang melakukan perjalanan dengan pesawat. Berdasarkan hasil studi, tak jarang skala paparan sinar radioaktif para pilot dan pramugari  melebihi para pekerja di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN). Walaupun memerlukan 500 msievert langsung agar bisa membuat seseorang meninggal, paparan si...