Conjunctive Adverbs and Transitional Words/Phrases

Adverb are often used to connect main clauses. Since they function as coordinating conjunctions when used in this way, they are called adverbial conjunctions or conjunctive adverbs. Additionally, certain adverbial phrases, called transitional phrases, can also be used to join main clauses

Example :

Lightning hitting the ground is common; however, most lightning stays in the clouds.

Note : The conjunctive adverbs however is preceded by a semicolon and followed by a comma. The conjunctive adverb joins the two main clauses together.

Common Conjunctive Adverbs

accordingly             hence                       moreover

also                         henceforth               nevertheless

anyhow                   however                  next

anyway                    incidentally            otherwise

besides                    indeed                     still

consequently           instead                    then

finally                      likewise                 therefore

furthermore             meanwhile              thus


Examples of Transitional Phrases

after all                     in some way                  on the other way

at the same time        in spite of                      that is

even so                      in the same way            that notwithstanding

for example               of course                        to illustrate

for instance                on the contrary             what is more


Meaning                                Common Transition Words/Phrases
a. Contrast              however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, yet, in fact, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand

b. Addition             furthermore, further, moreover, in addition, additionally, likewise, similarly, also

c. Result                  therefore, consequently, accordingly, thus, hence, as a result, then

d. The sequence      then, afterward, meanwhile

e. Condition            otherwise


Reference :

DeCapua, Andrea. 2008. Grammar for Teachers : A Guide to American English for Native and Non-Native Speakers. New Rochelle, NY : Springer

Finkelstein, Leo Jr. 2006. Pocket Book of English Grammar for Engineers and Scientists, Long Grove, Illinois : Waveland Press Inc.

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